INTEGRASI TEKNOLOGI BLOCKCHAIN DALAM KEUANGAN SYARIAH: TINJAUAN LITERATUR ATAS SOLUSI DESENTRALISASI YANG SESUAI SYARIAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70248/jakpt.v2i4.2370Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi integrasi teknologi blockchain dalam sistem keuangan syariah dengan menyoroti potensi, tantangan, serta peluang strategis yang ditawarkan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan library research dengan desain integrative literature review, yang menggabungkan temuan empiris dan teoritis dari berbagai sumber ilmiah bereputasi, seperti Google Scholar, Scopus, dan DOAJ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa blockchain mampu meningkatkan transparansi, efisiensi, dan akuntabilitas dalam transaksi keuangan syariah melalui fitur seperti immutable ledger dan smart contract. Penerapannya mencakup pengelolaan zakat, wakaf, sukuk, dan akad-akad syariah berbasis bagi hasil. Meski demikian, tantangan seperti keterbatasan regulasi, kompleksitas akad syariah, dan rendahnya literasi teknologi masih menjadi hambatan. Simpulan dari studi ini menyatakan bahwa blockchain tidak hanya menjadi solusi teknologi, tetapi juga alat reformasi strategis dalam memperkuat sistem keuangan syariah. Pengembangan kontrak pintar berbasis fiqh serta sinergi antara pakar teknologi, fuqaha, dan regulator menjadi krusial untuk mewujudkan ekosistem keuangan syariah digital yang inklusif dan sesuai prinsip maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah.
Kata Kunci: Blockchain, Keuangan Syariah, Smart Contract, Zakat dan Wakaf Digital
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