PENGARUH LEADERSHIP, WORK MOTIVATION, AND WORK DISCIPLINE TERHADAP EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: LITERATURE REVIEW
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mensintesis temuan empiris mengenai pengaruh leadership, work motivation, dan work discipline terhadap employee performance berdasarkan kajian literature review menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dan metode Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Penelitian dilakukan melalui penelusuran artikel pada database Google Scholar, SINTA, DOAJ, dan jurnal internasional bereputasi dengan rentang publikasi tahun 2021–2025. Berdasarkan proses seleksi literatur, diperoleh 18 artikel empiris yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi untuk dianalisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa leadership, work motivation, dan work discipline memiliki hubungan yang saling berkaitan dalam memengaruhi employee performance. Leadership terbukti mampu meningkatkan motivasi kerja, disiplin kerja, dan produktivitas karyawan, meskipun pengaruhnya terhadap employee performance tidak selalu signifikan secara langsung. Work motivation menjadi variabel yang paling konsisten memengaruhi employee performance, baik sebagai variabel independen maupun variabel mediasi dalam hubungan antara leadership dan employee performance. Selain itu, work discipline terbukti memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap employee performance karena berkaitan langsung dengan kepatuhan, tanggung jawab, dan konsistensi kerja karyawan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan employee performance membutuhkan pendekatan integratif melalui kepemimpinan yang efektif, motivasi kerja yang tinggi, dan disiplin kerja yang konsisten. Penelitian ini juga memberikan kontribusi konseptual dalam pengembangan model employee performance yang lebih komprehensif pada bidang manajemen sumber daya manusia dan perilaku organisasi.
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