PENGARUH BUDAYA KERJA, LEADERSHIP DAN INOVASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN : LITERATURE REVIEW
Keywords:
Budaya Kerja, Kepemimpinan, Inovasi, Kinerja KaryawanAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mensintesis temuan empiris mengenai pengaruh budaya kerja, kepemimpinan, dan inovasi terhadap kinerja karyawan dalam berbagai konteks organisasi. Pendekatan tinjauan literatur sistematis (SLR) dipandu oleh prosedur PRISMA. Sebanyak 132 artikel awalnya diidentifikasi dari beberapa basis data akademik, termasuk Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar, menggunakan kata kunci yang relevan terkait dengan budaya kerja, kepemimpinan, dan inovasi terhadap kinerja karyawan. Berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, diperoleh 14 artikel empiris yang dianalisis secara deskriptif-kualitatif untuk mengidentifikasi pola hubungan antarvariabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya kerja memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, baik secara langsung maupun melalui variabel mediasi. Kepemimpinan menunjukkan hasil yang bervariasi, dimana kepemimpinan transformasional cenderung memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap kinerja, namun dalam beberapa konteks tidak berpengaruh signifikan tanpa adanya faktor pendukung. Sementara itu, inovasi merupakan variabel yang paling konsisten berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja, baik sebagai variabel independen maupun sebagai mediator. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya integrasi budaya kerja yang kuat, kepemimpinan yang efektif, dan lingkungan yang mendukung inovasi dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan secara berkelanjutan.
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